Table 1.

Details of the setting and key outcomes of the included studies

Author, year	Cancer site(s)	Follow-up	Setting and participants	Risk level/comorbidities	Outcome(s)	Quality
Bodurtha et al, 31 2009	Breast	18 months	899 women with no history of breast cancer recruited from waiting rooms of four women’s health clinics	Not given	Mammography, clinical breast examinations, breast self-examination, mammography intentions	M–H
Bowen et al, 41 2006	Breast	6 and 24 months	150 sexual minority women recruited via public advertisements	Mean Gail lifetime risk 12%	Breast self-examination, breast cancer screening	H
Bowen and Powers,42 2010	Breast	12 months	1366 women recruited via purchased lists of telephone numbers with no previous diagnosis of breast cancer	Mean Gail lifetime risk 12%	Breast self-examination, mammography
Davis et al,34 2004	Breast	1 month	392 women with no history of cancer calling the Cancer Information Service	27% 2%–6% lifetime risk; 32% 6%–9% lifetime risk; 41% 9%–46% lifetime risk	Adherence to breast cancer screening, intention for breast cancer screening	M
Glanz et al, 45 2013	Skin	16 weeks	Convenience sample of 1047 parents not currently being treated for skin cancer recruited through schools and community centres	38% high risk	Sun protection habits, sun exposure, skin examination by parents	M
Glazebrook et al, 22 2006	Skin	6 months	589 recruited from 10 primary care practices from a convenience sample of appointments	Not given	Sun protection habits	M
Greene and Brinn,44 2003	Skin	3–4 weeks	141 undergraduates at one university who received extra credit for participation	Not given	Intention to tan, actual tan bed usage	L–M
Helmes et al, 35 2006	Breast	3 months	Random sample of 340 members of state healthcare system with no history of breast/ovarian cancer or testing for cancer risk	Mean 9.5% (3.2) lifetime risk	Intention to have mammogram and clinical breast examination, intention to do breast self-examination	M
Holloway et al, 21 2003	Cervical	0 and 4 years	1890 women attending routine cervical smear test at one of 29 general practitioner practices	78%–80% very low risk; 20%–22% low risk	Preference for future screening interval, actual screening behaviour	M–H
Lipkus and Klein,30 2006	Colorectal	0	160 members of general public with no history of CRC or screening for CRC recruited through newspaper advertisements	Not given	Ambivalence, intention to screen using an FOBT, actual FOBT screening rates	M
Lipkus et al, 38 2001	Breast	0	121 members of general public recruited through newspaper advertisements	Mean 10-year risk 2.65% (SD 1.13)	Mammography screening and intentions	M
Rimer et al, 40 2002	Breast	1 and 2 years	752 women aged 40–44 and 50–54 years enrolled in a personal care plan	Mean 10-year risk 2.7%	Mammography	M
Rubinstein et al,39 2011	Breast, ovarian, colon	6 months	3786 patients from primary care clinic records with no history of colon, breast or ovarian cancer invited by mail following record review	34% moderate or strong risk of ≥1 of the cancers	CRC screening, mammography	M
Schroy et al,36 2011	Colorectal	0	666 patients due for bowel screening identified from monthly audits of one hospital’s electronic medical record	Average	Preferences, satisfaction with the decision-making process, screening intentions and test concordance	M–H
Schroy et al, 32 2012	Colorectal	0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months	825 patients due for bowel screening identified from monthly audits of one hospital’s electronic medical record	Average	Completion of a CRC screening test	H
Seitz et al, 37 2016	Breast	0	2918 women aged 35–49 years with no history of breast cancer or a genetic mutation in BCRA1 or BCRA2 recruited through a survey company	42% 10-year risk <1.5% (mean 1.08 SD 0.01); 58% 10-year risk ≥1.5% (mean 2.53 SD 0.04)	Mammography intentions	M
Sequist et al, 43 2011	Colorectal	1 and 4 months	1103 patients from 14 ambulatory health centres who were overdue for CRC screening	Average	CRC screening	M
Sherratt et al, 23 2016	Lung	6 months	297 current and 216 recent former smokers aged 18–60 years without a history of lung cancer and attending smoking cessation services	Not given	Smoking status	H
Trevena et al, 33 2008	Colorectal	1 month	314 patients recruited from six primary care practices without a history of CRC	Not given	Screening intentions, CRC screening	M

BCRA, Breast Cancer Risk Assessment; CRC, colorectal cancer; FOBT, faecal occult blood test; H, high; L, low; M, medium.