TABLE 1.

Reported tools available for diagnostic testing for patients with HHCDs and tool locations closest to the patient care room in 32 U.S. HLIUs

Tool	No. (%) available
	For HLIU	Within patient care room	Within isolation unit	Within facility	Outside facilitya	Other
Incubator for bacterial cultureb	30 (94)	0 (0)	8 (27)	19 (63)	2 (7)	1c (3)
Biological safety cabinet	31 (97)	0 (0)	17 (55)	14 (45)	0 (0)	0 (0)
PCR assay	28 (88)	0 (0)	9d (32)	11d (39)	8e (29)	0 (0)
EIA readerf	19 (59)	1 (5)	4 (21)	11 (58)	2 (11)	1c (5)
Microscope	23 (72)	0 (0)	6 (26)	17 (74)	0 (0)	0 (0)

^aIncluding the jurisdictional PHL (excluding the CDC laboratory for confirmation diagnosis).

^bIncluding the availability of a standalone incubator for bacterial culture; although this did not include automated blood culture systems, many facilities preferred to incubate blood culture bottles in a standalone incubator for visual observation, with Gram staining and culture performed when necessary.

^cThe health system's core laboratory.

^dPCR testing within the isolation unit or facility generally included access to BioFire instrumentation (BioFire, Salt Lake City, UT), including the FDA emergency use authorization-approved FilmArray Biothreat Etest to test for the presumptive presence of Ebola Zaire virus, as well as FDA-approved FilmArray assays including panels for blood culture identification (BCID) and gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract pathogens.

^eJurisdictional PHLs utilized real-time PCR assays developed by the CDC and validated in-house to test for pathogens such as Ebola Zaire virus, novel Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus, and influenza A/H7 virus.

^fIncluding enzyme immunoassay (EIA) readers for the direct detection of agents such as influenza viruses, group A Streptococcus, HIV, and malaria.