Table 6.
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) identification in breast cancer (case control studies).
| Reference | Location | Identification technique | Breast cancer | Non cancer breast control |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labrecque et al. (154) | United Kingdom | PCR; ISH | 12/19 (63%) | 0/17 (0%) |
| Bonnet et al. (155) | France | PCR; IHC; ISH |
51/100 (51%) | 0/30 (0%) |
| Grinstein et al. (156) | US | PCR; IHC | 14/33 (42%) | 0/21 (0%) |
| Preciado et al. (157) | Argentina | PCR; IHC | 24/39 (35%) | 0/17 (0%) |
| Fawzy et al. (158) | Egypt | PCR; IHC | 10/40 (25%) | 0/20 (0%) |
| Joshi et al. (159) | India | IHC | 28/51 (55%) | 0/30 (0%) |
| Lorenzetti et al. (160) | Argentina | IHC, ISH, PCR |
22/71 (31%) | 0/48 (0%) |
| Zekri et al. (161) | Egypt/Iraq | PCR; ISH | 32/90 (36%) | 0/20 (0%) |
| Glenn et al. (22) | Australia | IS PCR PCR |
5/27 (19%) | 6/18 (33%) |
| Yahia et al. (162) | Sudan | PCR; ISH | 18/18 (100%) | 0/50 (0%) |
| El-Naby et al. (163) | Egypt | PCR; IHC | 10/42 (24%) | 6/42 (14%) |
| Pai et al. (164) | India | ISH | 25/83 (30%) | 0/7 (0%) |
There is a consistent identification of EBV in breast cancers when compared with mostly negative controls.
PCR, polymerase chain reaction; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ISH, in situ hybridization.