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Schematic comparison of nanobodies (Nbs) from heavy-chain antibodies and single-chain variable fragments (scFv) from conventional antibodies. Nbs correspond to the variable domain (VHH) of heavy-chain antibodies. Nbs generally show much better solubility and stability than the corresponding pair of variable domains (VH, VL) of conventional antibodies, even when the latter are connected by a synthetic peptide linker into a scFv.
