Table 3.
Changes in outcome variables for children and youth
| Measure | Pre-Intervention | Post-Intervention | 6-month follow-up | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | n | p | es | M | SD | n | p | es | |
| Knowledgea | ||||||||||||
| Daily fruit and vegetable requirement | 15.1 (22) | 22.8 (18) | 75 | .65 | .25 | 23.8 (10) | 42 | .55 | .33 | |||
| Sugary drinks (Module 3 only) | 85.2 (69) | 92.9 (39) | 41 | .45 | .30 | 90.3 (28) | 27 | 1.0 | −.13 | |||
| Daily physical activity | 43.8 (64) | 55.8 (43) | 76 | .03* | .21 | 62.2 (28) | 43 | .18 | .20 | |||
| Screen time limitations | 24.5 (34) | 35.5 (27) | 72 | .52 | .27 | 38.6 (17) | 39 | .09 | .29 | |||
| Efficacy | ||||||||||||
| Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (0–100) | 67.10 | 26.74 | 68.96 | 22.39 | 68 | .08 | −.21 | 67.90 | 25.29 | 33 | .77 | −.05 |
| Fruit and vegetable consumptionb (1–5) | 3.50 | 3.50 | 65 | .01* | .33 | 4.0 | 29 | .52 | .12 | |||
| Eat breakfastb (1–5) | 4.00 | 4.50 | 66 | .39 | .11 | 4.50 | 30 | .34 | −.17 | |||
| Choose healthy drinksb (1–5) | 4.00 | 5.00 | 66 | .56 | .07 | 4.00 | 30 | .82 | −.04 | |||
| Cooking efficacy (1–5) | 4.00 | 4.33 | 62 | .45 | .10 | 4.17 | 30 | .78 | .05 | |||
| Behaviour | ||||||||||||
| Consumption of fruits and vegetables (1–7) | 4.06 | 1.64 | 3.88 | 1.63 | 44 | .54 | .09 | 4.08 | 1.77 | 27 | .78 | .05 |
| Consumption unhealthy food (1–7) | 2.54 | 2.41 | 2.41 | 1.22 | 44 | .98 | .004 | 2.51 | .89 | 26 | .72 | .07 |
| Consumption of regular popb (1–7) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 52 | .45 | −.10 | 2.00 | 30 | .08 | −.32 | |||
| Eat breakfastb (1–5) | 4.00 | 4.00 | 51 | .93 | .01 | 4.00 | 29 | .10 | .31 | |||
| Help cookb (1–5) | 3.00 | 3.00 | 50 | .44 | .11 | 3.00 | 28 | .28 | .21 | |||
| Hours per day in front of screen (0–6) | 5.43 | 3.69 | 4.96 | 3.45 | 54 | .58 | .08 | 5.45 | 2.76 | 29 | .67 | .08 |
| Num of days spent in MVPA 30 + mins | 2.00 | 3.00 | 53 | .78 | .04 | 3.00 | 28 | .89 | .03 | |||
| Social Support (0–4) | ||||||||||||
| Physical activity | 2.45 | 1.10 | 2.63 | 1.22 | 59 | 1.00 | 0 | 2.60 | 1.26 | 28 | .88 | .03 |
| Healthy eating | 3.38 | 1.22 | 3.56 | 1.34 | 57 | .29 | .14 | 3.37 | 1.22 | 29 | .49 | .13 |
| Health Related Quality of Life (0–100) | 71.12 | 15.82 | 73.16 | 16.82 | 56 | .08 | .21 | 73.42 | 15.31 | 29 | .36 | .15 |
a Values reported in the M column represent percent correct based on all that answered the question. The number of responses in provided in parenthesis. p values calculated using Exact McNemar’s chi-squared test, effect size calculated as the odds ratio. Odds ratios were calculated based on the chances of obtaining the correct answer following Healthy Together if your answer was incorrect before the program
bValues reported in the M column represent median score. p values calculated using Wilcoxon sign-test, effect size calculated as r
*Significant difference between time points, p < .05