Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies
| Study/year | Sample size (I/C) | Setting | Prophylaxis drugs | Comparator | Patient characteristics (I/C) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean, (years) | Disease severity, median (IQR) or mean (SD) | Patient receiving EN, n/N (%) | MV (%) | Follow up (months) | |||||
| Alhazzani et al. 2017 [18] | 49/42 | Mixed | Pantoprazole 40 mg once daily IV | Placebo | 62/55 | APACHE II score 21 (17–26)/22(14–27) |
81/91 (89) | 100/100 | Unknown |
| El-Kersh et al. 2017 [29] | 55/47 | MICU | Pantoprazole 40 mg once daily IV | Placebo | 62/58 | SAPS II score 41 (34.5–53)/44 (34–54) |
102/102 (100) | 100/100 | Unknown |
| Selvanderan et al. 2016 [27] | 106/108 | Mixed | Pantoprazole 40 mg once daily IV | Placebo | 52/52 | APACHE III score 66 (26)/66 (28) |
214/214 (100) | 100/100 | 12 |
| Lin et al. 2016 [28] | 60/60 | Mixed | Lansoprazole OD 30 mg once daily | No prophylaxis | 67/65 | APACHE II score 21.3 (6.7)/19.9 (6.9) |
120/120 (100) | 100/100 | 1 |
| Ben-menachem et al. 1994 [22] | 200/100 | MICU | Cimetidine 900 mg Infusion Sucralfate OD 1 g every 6 h |
No prophylaxis | 60/60 | APACHE II score 17.4 (7.3)/16.5 (6.9) |
198/300 (67) | 74/65 | 10 |
| Apte et al. 1992 [21] | 16/18 | MICU | Ranitidine 50 mg/every 6 h IV | No prophylaxis | 27/26 | MTS score 11 (4–16)/10 (6–16) |
34/34 (100) | 31/22 | Unknown |
| Van den Berg et al. 1985 [23] | 14/14 | Mixed | Cimetidine 20 mg/kg/every 24 h IV | Placebo | 44/48 | - | 17/28 (61) | 100/100 | Unknown |
APACHE II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, EN enteral nutrition, IQR interquartile range, I/C intervention/control, IV intravenous, MTS maximum tetanus severity score, MICU medical intensive care unit, Mixed medical-surgical intensive care unit, MV mechanical ventilation, OD once daily, SAPS II simplified acute physiologic score II, SD standard deviation