Table 3. Body composition and blood pressure of each group during the study.
| Baseline |
4 weeks |
8 weeks |
12 weeks (after washout period) |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEAN | SEM | pa | MEAN | SEM | pa | MEAN | SEM | pa | MEAN | SEM | pa | ||
| Body weight (kg) | |||||||||||||
| Placebo group | 83.6 | 1.4 | 0.145 | 84.3 b | 1.4 | 0.176 | 84.7 b | 1.4 | 0.209 | 84.6 b | 1.5 | 0.237 | |
| LcS group | 86.7 | 1.5 | 87.2 c | 1.5 | 87.3 d | 1.6 | 87.5 e | 1.5 | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||||||
| Placebo group | 29.0 | 0.4 | 0.454 | 29.3 b | 0.4 | 0.538 | 29.4 b | 0.4 | 0.624 | 29.4 b | 0.4 | 0.679 | |
| LcS group | 29.5 | 0.4 | 29.6 f | 0.4 | 29.7 e | 0.4 | 29.8 g | 0.4 | |||||
| Body fat (%) | |||||||||||||
| Placebo group | 27.6 | 0.4 | 0.515 | 28.1 b | 0.4 | 0.663 | 28.5 b | 0.4 | 0.730 | 28.7 b | 0.4 | 0.735 | |
| LcS group | 28.0 | 0.5 | 28.3 e | 0.5 | 28.8 b | 0.5 | 29.1 b | 0.5 | |||||
| SBP (mmHg) | |||||||||||||
| Placebo group | 126.5 | 1.7 | 0.023 | 129.8 | 1.9 | 0.590 | 128.3 | 2.1 | 0.848 | 132.5 h | 1.8 | 0.672 | |
| LcS group | 132.6 | 2.0 | 131.2 | 1.9 | 128.9 | 2.1 | 130.2 | 2.1 | |||||
| DBP (mmHg) | |||||||||||||
| Placebo group | 83.5 | 1.2 | 0.119 | 86.5 i | 1.6 | 0.856 | 85.1 | 1.5 | 0.653 | 87.7 j | 1.5 | 0.568 | |
| LcS group | 86.8 | 1.7 | 86.1 | 1.8 | 84.2 | 1.5 | 86.2 | 1.6 | |||||
LcS: L. casei strain Shirota YIT 9029; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure.
ap values analysed by the unpaired Student’s t-test.
b–jMean values were significantly different from those at baseline (paired Student’s t-test with Bonferroni-Holm adjustment). The p values were as follows: bp=0.000; cp=0.019; dp=0.014; ep=0.020; fp=0.024; gp=0.025; hp=0.002; ip=0.015; jp=0.001.