Table 2. Predictors of ischemic stroke with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for IS in patients with LVAD on multivariate analysis.
| Predictors for IS | Odds ratio | Lower limits of 95% CI | Upper limits of 95% CI | P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age: 65+ vs. [18–64] years | 0.754 | 0.482 | 1.178 | 0.2 |
| Male vs. female | 0.720 | 0.473 | 1.096 | 0.1 |
| Race | ||||
| Black vs. White | 0.756 | 0.395 | 1.448 | 0.4 |
| Hispanic vs. White | 0.239 | 0.073 | 0.782 | 0.02 |
| White vs. other | 0.941 | 0.576 | 1.537 | 0.8 |
| LVAD implantation in previous admission | 1.104 | 0.726 | 1.679 | 0.6 |
| Year of LVAD implant (early vs. late) | 0.824 | 0.683 | 0.994 | 0.04 |
| Waiting for heart transplant | 0.804 | 0.394 | 1.644 | 0.5 |
| CCI | ||||
| 2 vs. 0–1 | 8.489 | 2.011 | 35.830 | 0.004 |
| 3 vs. 0–1 | 20.240 | 5.213 | 78.581 | <0.0001 |
| 4+ vs. 0–1 | 46.673 | 11.961 | 182.117 | <0.0001 |
| Abnormal coagulation profile | 1.313 | 0.795 | 2.169 | 0.3 |
| HTN | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
| MI | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 0.6 |
| Valvular disease | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.8 |
| AF | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.2 |
| PVD | 1.5 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.3 |
| Chronic lung disease | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.01 |
| DM | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.8 |
| Liver disease | 1.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.4 |
| Renal disease | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
LVAD, left ventricular assist device; IS, ischemic stroke; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; HTN, hypertension; AF, atrial fibrillation; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus.