Table 1.
Ref. | Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants and personnel | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective reporting |
Ji et al[76] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Chan et al[77] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Hu et al[64] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
Bhattacharjee et al[65] | + | ? | - | ? | ? | ? |
Allaix et al[74] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Kiran et al[29] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Yamada et al[66] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Otchy et al[67] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Kim et al[75] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Tahirkheli et al[62] | + | ? | ? | ? | - | - |
Sasaki et al[61] | + | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
Bertani et al[45] | + | + | ? | ? | + | + |
Roig et al[68] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Bretagnol et al[46] | + | + | + | + | - | + |
Pitot et al[69] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Alcantara Moral et al[47] | + | + | ? | ? | ? | + |
Miron et al[70] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Pena-Soria et al[48] | + | + | + | + | - | + |
Leiro et al[59] | + | + | ? | ? | ? | + |
Contant et al[40] | + | + | - (2) | - (2) | - | + |
Bretagnol et al[71] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Jung et al[49] | + | + | + | + | - | ? |
Veenhof et al[72] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Ali et al[63] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
Jung et al[50] | + | + | + | + | - | ? |
Platell et al[51] | + | + | + | + | - | - |
Fa-Si-Oen et al[52] | + | + | ? | ? | + | + |
Bucher et al[53] | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Ram et al[54] | + | - (1) | ? | ? | ? | + |
Zmora et al[37] | + | + | ? | ? | - | + |
Young Tabusso et al[55] | ? | ? | - (2) | - (2) | ? | ? |
Miettinen et al[56] | + | + | ? | ? | + | + |
Memon et al[73] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Fillmann et al[60] | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Burke et al[57] | ? | ? | + | + | - | - |
Brownson et al[58] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
NA: Not applicable (observational study); +: Low risk of bias; -: High risk of bias; (1): Allocation concealment utilized identification number of patient (odd or even); (2): Not blinded.