Table 2.
Changes in rates of hospitalisation and attendances at different levels of the health system post-rotavirus vaccine introduction in Merseyside, UK
| Age group | Mean yearly rate of hospitalisations and attendances (per 10,000)a | Percentage reduction in hospitalisation and attendance rates (95% CI)c | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-vaccination | Post-vaccination | |||||
| Observed | Observed | Expectedb | Full year | January–May | June–December | |
| Hospitalisations for laboratory-confirmed rotavirus to Alder Hey | ||||||
| < 12 m | 129 | 14 | 122 | 87 (78 to 93) | 94 (86 to 97) | 57 (10 to 81) |
| 12–23 m | 123 | 16 | 106 | 84 (73 to 91) | 87 (76 to 94) | 70 (19 to 91) |
| 24–59 m | 33 | 10 | 29 | 66 (44 to 81) | 74 (52 to 87) | 35 (to 70 to 77) |
| 5–14 y | 7 | 0.3 | 9 | 95 (84 to 99) | 96 (80 to 99.7) | 94 (71 to 99.7) |
| Total 0–59 m | 87 | 12 | 81 | 80 (70 to 87) | 88 (80 to 94) | 58 (25 to 77) |
| Hospitalisations for all-cause acute gastroenteritis | ||||||
| < 12 m | 402 | 230 | 468 | 46 (36 to 54) | 60 (49 to 69) | 35 (20 to 46) |
| 12–23 m | 271 | 128 | 311 | 50 (40 to 59) | 66 (56 to 74) | 37 (19 to 50) |
| 24–59 m | 72 | 54 | 78 | 26 (11 to 39) | 33 (10 to 50) | 22 (1 to 38) |
| 5–14 y | 18 | 20 | 28 | 32 (21 to 41) | 35 (19 to 48) | 29 (13 to 42) |
| 15–64 y | 39 | 60 | 66 | 8 (2 to 14) | 11 (1 to 19) | 6 (1 to 13) |
| 65+ | 135 | 157 | 210 | 25 (19 to 30) | 28 (19 to 36) | 22 (15 to 29) |
| Total 0–59 m | 178 | 104 | 213 | 44 (35 to 53) | 58 (46 to 67) | 35 (22 to 46) |
| ED attendances for gastrointestinal conditions (no admission) | ||||||
| < 12 m | 2034 | 1855 | 2816 | 22 (11 to 33) | 30 (15 to 42) | 16 (2 to 29) |
| 12–23 m | 1146 | 892 | 1650 | 31 (15 to 43) | 41 (19 to 57) | 23 (4 to 38) |
| 24–59 m | 759 | 759 | 1054 | 12 (-4 to 25) | 14 (-15 to 36) | 10 (-6 to 24) |
| 5–14 y | 552 | 661 | 1038 | 22 (11 to 31) | 17 (-2 to 33) | 25 (12 to 36) |
| 15–64 y | 405 | 503 | 993 | 29 (16 to 40) | 30 (4 to 49) | 28 (14 to 40) |
| 65+ | 341 | 438 | 788 | 21 (4 to 34) | 25 (-5 to 46) | 18 (-3 to 34) |
| Total 0–59 m | 1235 | 1124 | 1795 | 23 (11 to 33) | 31 (12 to 45) | 18 (4 to 29) |
| Walk-in centre attendances for infectious gastroenteritis | ||||||
| < 12 m | 574 | 373 | 644 | 37 (6 to 58) | 51 (12 to 73) | 25 (-26 to 55) |
| 12–23 m | 463 | 256 | 606 | 39 (0 to 63) | 67 (38 to 83) | 5 (-86 to 52) |
| 24–59 m | 196 | 153 | 167 | 18 (-20 to 44) | 36 (-12 to 64) | -5 (-79 to 38) |
| 5–14 y | 79 | 71 | 68 | 0 (-52 to 34) | 6 (-77 to 49) | -6 (-86 to 39) |
| 15–64 y | 55 | 51 | 61 | 24 (7 to 38) | 29 (0 to 49) | 21 (-4 to 40) |
| 65+ | 22 | 18 | 52 | 47 (-15 to 75) | 56 (-43 to 86) | 38 (-72 to 78) |
| Total 0–59 m | 362 | 231 | 363 | 32 (7 to 50) | 51 (22 to 69) | 12 (-27 to 39) |
| GP consultations for infectious gastroenteritis | ||||||
| < 12 m | 674 | 492 | 628 | 19 (4 to 33) | 40 (27 to 51) | 3 (-20 to 21) |
| 12–23 m | 590 | 418 | 498 | 13 (-10 to 31) | 38 (11 to 56) | -11 (-44 to 14) |
| 24–59 m | 184 | 166 | 172 | 8 (-14 to 26) | 7 (-29 to 33) | 9 (-20 to 31) |
| 5–14 y | 53 | 56 | 51 | -3 (-21 to 12) | -7 (-38 to 17) | 0 (-23 to 19) |
| 15–64 y | 41 | 30 | 41 | 26 (18 to 33) | 29 (17 to 40) | 23 (13 to 32) |
| 65+ | 35 | 29 | 48 | 36 (25 to 45) | 43 (30 to 54) | 30 (13 to 43) |
| Total 0–59 m | 363 | 282 | 331 | 13 (-3 to 26) | 29 (8 to 45) | 0 (-20 to 17) |
CI confidence interval, ED emergency department, GP general practice
aTable 1 provides specific denominators for each outcome measure
bExpected in the absence of vaccination using a negative binomial or Poisson model adjusting for month and rotavirus year for the pre-vaccine years
cPercentage change is calculated as 1-IRR. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) was calculated using a negative binomial model or Poisson model adjusting for month and rotavirus year