Table 3.
Comparison of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Reduction among Implementation Strategies
| Adjusted Difference (95% Confidence Interval) in Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction, mm Hg | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted Difference (95% Confidence Interval) in Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Reduction, mm Hg | Team-based care with titration by non-physician | −0.88 (−3.58, 1.80) | −2.05 (−5.53, 1.43) | −3.22 (−5.72, −0.72)* | −3.35 (−5.75, −0.96)† | −4.41 (−6.50, −2.32)‡ | −5.63 (−8.57, −2.69)‡ | −6.29 (−8.52, −4.05)‡ |
| −0.48 (−1.95, 0.99) | Team-based care with titration by physician | −1.16 (−4.73, 2.41) | −2.34 (−4.86, 0.18) | −2.47 (−4.42, −0.52)* | −3.52 (−5.56, −1.49)‡ | −4.74 (−7.66, −1.83)† | −5.40 (−7.71, −3.09)‡ | |
| −0.29 (−2.84, 2.26) | 0.19 (−2.55, 2.93) | Multilevel strategy without team-based care | −1.17 (−4.47, 2.13) | −1.30 (−4.60, 1.99) | −2.36 (−5.48, 0.76) | −3.58 (−8.02, 0.86) | −4.24 (−6.26, −2.22)‡ | |
| −1.08 (−2.29, 0.14) | −0.60 (−2.03, 0.84) | −0.79 (−3.26, 1.69) | Health coaching | −0.13 (−2.28, 2.02) | −1.19 (−3.00, 0.63) | −2.41 (−4.71, −0.11)* | −3.06 (−5.04, −1.09)† | |
| −1.68 (−2.64, −0.72)‡ | −1.19 (−2.09, −0.30)† | −1.39 (−3.85, 1.08) | −0.60 (−1.48, 0.28) | Electronic decision support system | −1.06 (−2.78, 0.66) | −2.28 (−4.93, 0.38) | −2.93 (−4.81, −1.06)† | |
| −1.60 (−2.71, −0.48)† | −1.12 (−2.50, 0.27) | −1.31 (−3.87, 1.25) | −0.52 (−1.62, 0.58) | 0.08 (−0.76, 0.91) | Home blood pressure monitoring | −1.22 (−3.61, 1.18) | −1.88 (−3.48, −0.28)* | |
| −2.12 (−3.57, −0.68)† | −1.64 (−3.28, 0.00) | −1.83 (−4.61, 0.95) | −1.04 (−2.35, 0.27) | −0.44 (−1.65, 0.77) | −0.52 (−1.90, 0.85) | Provider training | −0.66 (−3.60, 2.28) | |
| −2.52 (−3.54, −1.51)‡ | −2.04 (−3.40, −0.67)† | −2.23 (−4.21, −0.25)* | −1.44 (−2.36, −0.53)† | −0.84 (−1.57, −0.12)* | −0.92 (−1.92, 0.07) | −0.40 (−1.73, 0.93) | Audit and feedback | |
Adjusted for sex, age, baseline systolic blood pressure (or diastolic blood pressure), trial duration, and type of control group. Strategies are ordered by rankings of net reduction in mean systolic blood pressure. Blood pressure reduction differences are in the cell in common between the row-defining and column-defining implementation strategy. For the mean difference in systolic blood pressure, the difference is the row strategy blood pressure reduction minus the column strategy blood pressure reduction. For the mean difference in diastolic blood pressure, the difference is the column strategy minus the row strategy. For example, the differences in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction between team-based care with titration by a non-physician and health coaching are −3.22 (95% CI: −5.72 to −0.72) and −1.08 (−2.29 to 0.14), respectively.
P <0.05;
P<0.01; and
P<0.001