Table 7.

Correlation coefficients (R) with demographic variables.

	PCS total score	PCS subscale
		Helplessness	Magnification	Rumination
Age	0.23***	0.26***	0.02	0.23***
Gender	0.08	0.06	0.13	0.03
Pain Duration	−0.07	−0.03	−0.14	−0.06
Residence	−0.03	0.01	−0.07	−0.04
Education	−0.20**	−0.22**	−0.04	−0.20**

PCS: Pain Catastrophizing Scale.

**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.