Table 4.
Study | Modality | Indication | Target | Stimulation parameters | Stimulation timing | Number of patients | Age | Outcome | Follow up (effect duration) | Comorbidities |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kamolz and colleagues154 | rTMS | AN | L dlPFC | 10 Hz, 2000 pulses | 41 sessions | 1 | 24 | BMI increase from 12.4 to 16 (29%) | 3 months (effect observed at last follow up) |
Depression |
Van den Eynde and colleagues155 | rTMS | AN | L dlPFC | 10 Hz, 1000 pulses | Single session | 10 | 18–44 | Reduced perception of feeling fat, full, anxious | None (unknown effect duration) | Not specified |
Khedr and colleagues156 | tDCS | AN | L dlPFC | 2 mA, anodal | 10 25-min sessions over 10 days | 7 | 16–39 | Improved AN and depression symptoms in 5 patients immediately post-treatment, in 3 patients at 1 month post-treatment | 1 month (effect observed at last follow up) | Depression, anxiety |
McClelland and colleagues158 | rTMS | AN | L dlPFC | 10 Hz, 1000 pulses | 20 20-min sessions | 5 | 23–52 | Improved eating disorder, affective symptoms; weight loss in all participants | 12 months (effect observed at last follow up) | Not specified |
McClelland and colleagues157 | rTMS | AN | L dlPFC | 10 Hz, 1000 pulses | Single 20-min session | 49 | ~26±7.5 | Improved AN core symptoms and temporal discounting | 24 h (effect observed at last follow up) | Depression, anxiety |
AN, anorexia nervosa; Bl, bilateral; dlPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; dmPFC, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; L, left; rTMS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; R, right; tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation.