Table 4.
Crude Prevalence and Adjusted Prevalence Rates of Postpartum Depressive Symptomatology, Anxiety Symptomatology, and Comorbid Symptomatology by Immigrant Status among Chinese Canadian Women.
| Baseline (4 Weeks) | 12 Weeks | 52 Weeks | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immigration Status | Cases/Observations | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)a | P Value | Cases/Observations | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)a | P Value | Cases/Observations | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)a | P Value |
| Possible depressive symptomatologyb | ||||||||||||
| Recent | 52/222 | 23.4 (18.1-29.7) | 1.2 (0.7-2.0) | 0.51 | 51/195 | 26.2 (20.5-32.7) | 2.9 (1.3-6.5) | 0.01 | 36/178 | 20.2 (15.0-26.7) | 7.2 (1.8-28.9) | 0.01 |
| Nonrecent | 70/246 | 28.5 (23.0-34.6) | 1.6 (1.0-2.7) | 0.05 | 42/203 | 20.7 (15.6-26.8) | 2.8 (1.2-6.4) | 0.01 | 44/196 | 22.5 (17.2-28.8) | 8.4 (2.1-33.9) | 0.003 |
| Canadian born | 16/97 | 16.5 (10.0-25.7) | Reference | 6/90 | 6.7 (3.1-13.8) | Reference | 2/83 | 2.4 (1.0-8.4) | Reference | |||
| High depressive symptomatologyc | ||||||||||||
| Recent | 14/222 | 6.3 (3.6-10.6) | 1.4 (0.4-4.6) | 0.62 | 15/195 | 7.7 (4.7-12.3) | 5.1 (0.6-40.4) | 0.12 | 10/178 | 5.6 (3.1-10.0) | 4.0 (0.5-31.9) | 0.19 |
| Nonrecent | 26/246 | 10.6 (7.2-15.3) | 3.0 (0.9-9.5) | 0.06 | 17/203 | 8.4 (5.3-13.0) | 6.3 (0.9-46.5) | 0.07 | 13/196 | 6.6 (3.9-11.0) | 5.1 (0.7-39.0) | 0.11 |
| Canadian born | 3/97 | 3.1 (0.1-9.4) | Reference | 1/90 | 1.1 (0.0-6.0) | Reference | 1/83 | 1.2 (0.00-6.5) | Reference | |||
| Anxiety symptomatologyd | ||||||||||||
| Recent | 53/224 | 23.7 (18.4-29.9) | 1.2 (0.8-2.0) | 0.523 | 38/192 | 19.8 (14.8-26.0) | 3.5 (1.3-9.5) | 0.01 | 35/178 | 19.7 (14.5-26.1) | 2.6 (1.1-6.5) | 0.04 |
| Nonrecent | 57/246 | 23.2 (18.2-29.1) | 1.4 (0.8-2.4) | 0.217 | 42/206 | 20.4 (15.4-26.4) | 4.1 (1.5-10.9) | 0.01 | 44/196 | 22.5 (17.2-28.8) | 3.2 (1.3-7.8) | 0.01 |
| Canadian born | 15/100 | 15.0 (8.9-23.9) | Reference | 4/90 | 4.4 (1.7-10.9) | Reference | 5/82 | 6.1 (2.6-13.5) | Reference | |||
| Comorbid depressive and anxiety symptomatologye | ||||||||||||
| Recent | 30/222 | 13.5 (9.4-18.9) | 0.9 (0.5 -1.7) | 0.707 | 27/191 | 14.1 (10.0-19.8) | 3.1 (1.0-9.8) | 0.06 | 20/177 | 11.3 (7.4-16.8) | 7.5 (1.0-55.0) | 0.05 |
| Nonrecent | 40/245 | 16.3 (12.1-21.7) | 1.25 (0.7-2.3) | 0.488 | 19/202 | 9.4 (6.1-14.2) | 2.4 (0.8-7.9) | 0.14 | 28/195 | 14.4 (10.1-20.0) | 10.3 (1.4-74.4) | 0.02 |
| Canadian born | 11/97 | 11.3 (6.1-19.8) | Reference | 3/90 | 3.3 (1.1-9.3) | Reference | 1/82 | 1.2 (0.0-6.6) | Reference | |||
CI, confidence interval.
a P value assessing differences in prevalence proportions comparing each immigrant group to Canadian-born women.
bMore than 9 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).
cMore than 12 on the EPDS.
dMore than 40 on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
eMore than 9 on the EPDS and >40 on the STAI.