Table 3.

Assessment of viability of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in WWTP effluents in Shanghai, China by PMA-PCR

Gene	Cryptosporidium SSU-rRNA			Giardia tpi			Giardia gdh			Giardia β-giardin
Sampling site	WWTP1	WWTP2	WWTP3	WWTP1	WWTP2	WWTP3	WWTP1	WWTP2	WWTP3	WWTP1	WWTP2	WWTP3
No. of samples analyzed	16	18	16	16	18	16	16	18	16	16	18	16
No. of samples positive in both PCR and PMA-PCR	7	1	3	15	15	13	13	16	14	14	15	13
No. of samples positive in PMA-PCR only	1	2	2	1	3	2	1	1	0	1	2	1
No. of samples positive in PCR only	2	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
P value a	0.411	0.805	0.718	0.203	0.717	0.096	0.102	0.331	0.261	0.287	0.805	0.261

^aP values in paired T test for pathogen detection between PCR and PMA PCR methods.