Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Ginsenoside activate estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2)-neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1)-ROS signaling pathway. ROS then activate JNK which in turns phosphorylate Bcl-2 and release Beclin 1 and induce autophagy through up-regulation of ATG5, Atg7, LC3-I and LC3-II. →, Activation; ┤, Inhibition.
