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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 20.
Published in final edited form as: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2017 Sep 20;71(2):279–286. doi: 10.1038/ja.2017.108

Figure 4. Biofilm build up in the bioreactor vessel during evolution of P. aeruginosa to colistin.

Figure 4

The bioreactor design favors the development of strong biofilms. Since the evolution of the populations takes place over weeks in a single vessel, those adaptive alleles that favor biofilm formation have a selective advantage as they can adhere to surfaces and not be removed as new media is added to maintain a constant exponentially growing planktonic phase. Acinetobacter, enterococci, and Pseudomonas have all exhibited strong biofilm formation in this experimental system.