Table 4.

Comparison of NLP with reference standard annotation for Type 1 Modic change with MR reports (N = 458)

		Reference standard annotation
Rule-based NLP		Present	Absent	Total
	Present	35	4	39
	Absent	15	404	419
	Total	50	408	458
Prevalence	Recall	Specificity	Precision	NPV	F1 score
0.10 (0.07, 0.14)	0.70 (0.52, 0.82)	0.99 (0.97, 1)	0.90 (0.75, 0.97)	0.96 (0.94, 0.98)	0.79 (0.43, 1)