Fig. 4.

The VRN restricts phenotypic robustness in presence of environmental perturbations. a Impact of the VRN on the phenotypic robustness in presence of environmental perturbations. The simulations were conducted in presence or absence of the VRN in 16 different environments, including in planta (e.g., plant tissues, high and low-cell density) and in vitro (e.g., complete medium, minimal medium) conditions. The detailed list of tested environments is provided in Supplementary Data 7. b Analysis of the impact of the VRN on phenotype robustness after simulation in presence of 1000 random environments