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. 2018 Jan 25;9:36. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00036

Table 3.

Regional flow velocities and TKE parameters.

Parameter Young Old p-value
(N = 22) (N = 20)
PEAK Vavg, m/s
Vavg, whole 0.62 ± 0.11 0.43 ± 0.08* < 0.001
Vavg, AAo 0.70 ± 0.14 0.44 ± 0.09* < 0.001
Vavg, DAo 0.73 ± 0.12 0.41 ± 0.08* < 0.001
Vavg, SAA 0.99 ± 0.16 0.50 ± 0.09* < 0.001
Vavg, IAA 0.70 ± 0.15 0.48 ± 0.11* < 0.001
PEAK Vmax, m/s
Vmax, whole 1.27 ± 0.14 1.30 ± 0.15 0.487
Vmax, AAo 1.25 ± 0.13 1.30 ± 0.16 0.269
Vmax, DAo 1.22 ± 0.15 0.67 ± 0.09* < 0.001
Vmax, SAA 1.47 ± 0.19 0.79 ± 0.15* < 0.001
Vmax, IAA 1.32 ± 0.25 0.84 ± 0.22* < 0.001
DIASTOLIC TKEtotal, mJ
TKEtotal, whole 1.0 ± 0.5 1.3 ± 1.1 0.177
TKEtotal, AAo 0.3 ± 0.2 0.7 ± 0.7 0.020
TKEtotal, DAo 0.1 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.2 0.145
TKEtotal, SAA 0.4 ± 0.4 0.3 ± 0.5 0.433
TKEtotal, IAA 0.2 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.3 0.594
DIASTOLIC TKEmax, J/m3
TKEmax, AAo 61.5 ± 20.1 96.6 ± 94.6 0.119
TKEmax, DAo 74.1 ± 34.3 53.8 ± 29.0 0.046
TKEmax, SAA 88.0 ± 35.2 62.2 ± 23.4 0.008
TKEmax, IAA 79.0 ± 45.7 53.3 ± 24.7 0.028
DIASTOLIC TKEmed, J/m3
TKEmed, AAo 3.2 ± 3.3 4.0 ± 3.3 0.431
TKEmed, DAo 1.7 ± 4.5 2.5 ± 2.7 0.491
TKEmed, SAA 6.3 ± 7.0 2.5 ± 5.0 0.051
TKEmed, IAA 5.3 ± 4.7 2.4 ± 5.6 0.083
PEAK TKEtotal, mJ
TKEtotal, whole 8.6 ± 3.1 8.6 ± 3.8 1.000
TKEtotal, AAo 3.7 ± 1.8 6.4 ± 2.4* < 0.001
TKEtotal, DAo 1.7 ± 0.6 1.1 ± 0.6 0.002
TKEtotal, SAA 2.9 ± 1.3 1.6 ± 1.2 0.002
TKEtotal, IAA 1.4 ± 0.6 1.0 ± 0.9 0.075
PEAK TKEmax, J/m3
TKEmax, AAo 219.3 ± 59.4 223.5 ± 76.9 0.842
TKEmax, DAo 182.1 ± 48.8 94.9 ± 41.7* < 0.001
TKEmax, SAA 214.8 ± 65.9 106.9 ± 49.6* < 0.001
TKEmax, IAA 208.2 ± 88.7 114.1 ± 68.9* < 0.001
PEAK TKEmed, J/m3
TKEmed, AAo 40.0 ± 11.2 34.3 ± 15.6 0.181
TKEmed, DAo 39.1 ± 10.4 11.9 ± 6.4* < 0.001
TKEmed, SAA 47.6 ± 19.5 16.5 ± 11.2* < 0.001
TKEmed, IAA 39.9 ± 21.3 16.2 ± 9.6* < 0.001
*

Indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the young and old groups. AAo, ascending aorta; DAo, descending aorta; SAA, suprarenal abdominal aorta; IAA, infrarenal abdominal aorta; TKE, turbulent kinetic energy.