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. 2018 Jan 29;8:1733. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18784-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Left Panel: The interactive effects of the dopamine index (DA) and climatic demands on Extraversion. There is greater phenotypic plasticity in high climatic stress environments. Higher dopamine index scores are associated with more Extraversion in climatic stressful environments, but no relationship is found for low dopamine index scores when measuring personality with (a) the BFI, (b) the NEO-PI-R and (c) the OPQ. Right Panel: The interactive effects of the dopamine index and climatic stress on Neuroticism. There is greater phenotypic plasticity in high climatic stress environments. Higher dopamine index scores are associated with lower Neuroticism when measured with (a) BFI, (b) NEO-PI-R, and (c) OPQ in environments with high climatic stress, compared to benign climatic environments.