Table 2.

Animal-based WQ^® measures (mean (min-max)) for three groups (Groups 0, 1, and 2) and two seasons (W = winter and S = summer). Bold highlighted p-values are p < 0.05. Units are given in the description column.

WQ® Measures	Group 0 (n = 14)		Group 1 (n = 10)		Group 2 (n = 8)		p-Value
	W Season	S Season	W Season	S Season	W Season	S Season	Group	Season	Group x Season
% of very lean cows	7 (0–24)	6 (0–18)	6 (0–19)	7 (0–19)	6 (0–19)	9 (3–16)	0.800	0.425	0.688
D of lying down movements (s)	6 (4–9)	5 (4–6)	5 (4–7)	4 (3–5)	6 (4–9)	4 (3–4)	0.010	<0.001	0.156
% of lying cows which lie partly outside lying area	3 (0–30)	13 (0–90)	2 (0–11)	2 (0–11)	11 (0–44)	0 (0–0)	0.357	0.922	0.070
% of lying down movements with collisions	32 (0–71)	40 (0–80)	15 (0–50)	0 (0–0)	25 (0–67)	0 (0–0)	<0.001	0.067	0.042
% of cows with dirty lower legs	87 (54–100)	88 (58–100)	87 (60–100)	78 (13–100)	96 (87–100)	83 (24–97)	0.484	0.140	0.401
% of cows with dirty flank and upper legs	67 (9–100)	54 (11–96)	60 (35–100)	40 (14–80)	62 (30–100)	29 (9–71)	0.122	0.001	0.435
% of cows with dirty udder	38 (11–93)	35 (9–74)	31 (7–80)	32 (0–81)	36 (11–59)	11 (3–21)	0.123	0.084	0.129
% of cows with at least one hairless patch, no lesion	47 (35–70)	49 (30–76)	44 (13–65)	34 (3–53)	55 (21–70)	22 (3–33)	0.038	0.001	0.001
% of cows with at least one lesion	22 (7–40)	27 (4–63)	21 (3–38)	23 (2–45)	21 (12–35)	10 (0–21)	0.094	0.691	0.128
% of moderately lame cows	9 (2–22)	8 (0–18)	6 (0–13)	6 (0–31)	1 (0–5)	4 (0–9)	0.004	0.857	0.622
% of severely lame cows	2 (0–10)	2 (0–7)	1 (0–4)	1 (0–6)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–2)	0.036	0.764	0.990
% of cows with nasal discharge	16 (4–35)	13 (0–44)	6 (0–12)	11 (0–31)	9 (3–23)	7 (0–20)	0.098	0.865	0.418
% of cows with ocular discharge	3 (0–9)	7 (0–17)	1 (0–8)	3 (0–10)	1 (0–3)	3 (0–9)	0.006	0.007	0.159
FR of coughing per cow per 15 min	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	1 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.271	0.075	0.188
% of cows with increased respiratory rate	0 (0–0)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–3)	0 (0–0)	0.468	0.516	0.189
% of cows with diarrhoea	2 (0–18)	1 (0–6)	0 (0–2)	2 (0–9)	1 (0–9)	5 (0–14)	0.186	0.041	0.155
% of cows with mastitis	10 (0–19)	15 (4–30)	12 (0–30)	11 (0–28)	20 (7–40)	16 (3–34)	0.081	0.883	0.202
% of cows with vulvar discharge	1 (0–3)	0 (0–2)	1 (0–3)	0 (0–3)	1 (0–7)	0 (0–0)	0.936	0.041	0.263
% of dystocia	4 (0–11)	6 (0–20)	5 (0–17)	4 (0–24)	6 (0–14)	7 (0–20)	0.630	0.809	0.653
% downer cows	5 (1–8)	3 (0–8)	5 (1–11)	6 (0–17)	8 (0–19)	5 (0–17)	0.081	0.883	0.202
% of mortality	2 (0–6)	3 (0–7)	3 (0–10)	2 (0–5)	1 (0–3)	2 (0–3)	0.229	0.860	0.561
FR of butts per cow/hour	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	0 (0–1)	1 (0–4)	1 (0–2)	0 (0–1)	0.474	0.873	0.156
FR of displacements per cow/hour	0 (0–1)	0 (0–1)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.172	0.539	0.569

% = percentage, D = duration, FR = frequency.