Table 1.
Measurements for late presentation for HIV care (LP)
| Adults | Late presentation for HIV care [6, 35]a | ||
| Enrolled in 2003–11 | Enrolled in 2012–15 | ||
| CD4 lymphocyte count of < 200 cells/ μl irrespective of WHO clinical stage at the time of first presentation to the HIV care | CD4 lymphocyte count of < 350 cells/ μl irrespective of WHO clinical stage at the time of first presentation to the HIV care | ||
| WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 irrespective of CD4 count at the time of first presentation to the HIV care b | WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 irrespective of CD4 count at the time of first presentation to the HIV care | ||
| Childrenc | Late presentation for HIV care [70] | ||
| Moderate immune-suppression (damage) if CD4 count between | Severe immune-suppression (damage) if CD4 count between | ||
| 0–12 months | 750–1500 cells/ μl | < 750 cells/ μl | |
| 1–5 years | 500–1000 cells/ μl | < 500 cells/ μl | |
| ≥ 6 years | 200–500 cells/ μl (enrolled in 2003–2011) | < 200 cells/ μl (enrolled in 2003–11) | |
| ≥ 6 years | 350–500 cells/ μl (enrolled in 2012–2015) | < 350 cells/ μl (enrolled in 2012–2015) | |
ART: antiretroviral therapy; CD4: cluster for differentiation 4; WHO: World Health Organization; Tb: Tuberculosis; PCP: pneumocystis carinii (juvenii) pneumonia
aThe definition for LP among Tb/HIV co-infected population was only based on the CD4 criteria [4]
bWHO clinical Stage 3was defined if one of the following is present in an HIV diagnosed patient: weight loss of > 10% body weight, chronic diarrhea for > 1 month, fever for > 1 month, oral candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, or pulmonary Tb within the previous year, or severe bacterial infections; WHO clinical Stage 4 was defined if one of the following is present in an HIV diagnosed patient: HIV wasting syndrome, PCP, toxoplasmosis of the brain, cryptosporidiosis or isosporiasis with diarrhea for > 1 month, cytomegalovirus disease of an organ other than liver, spleen or lymph node, herpes simplex virus infection, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, candidiasis, extra-pulmonary Tb, lymphoma, kaposi’s sarcoma, HIV encephalopathy
cLP is also defined if WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 at first visit to the ART clinics