Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 30.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Pharm Res. 2015 Jan 10;38(3):346–357. doi: 10.1007/s12272-015-0549-z

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Novel therapeutic strategies targeting AMPK and mitochondrial metabolism. a The dual effects of AMPK activation on tumorigenesis. b The effects of AMPK inhibitors such as sunitinib or midostaurine on anti- and pro-tumorigenic signaling of AMPK. c The effects of biguanides in combination with AMPK inhibitors on anti- and pro- tumorigenic signaling of AMPK. See text for details. Arrows denote activation, whereas horizontal bars indicate inhibition. Gray text indicates inactivation. REDD1 regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1, PRAS40 proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa