Table 2.

Correlation coefficients between grain yield and the phenological, morphological, physiological, and yield component traits of the MSD lines at Wad Medani with optimum sowing (MED/OS), Wad Medani with late sowing (MED/LS), Dongola (DON), and Hudeiba (HUD)

Trait	MED/OS	MED/LS	DON	HUD
DH	−0.52***	−0.33***	−0.17***	−0.29***
DM	−0.50**	−0.10ns	−0.15***	−0.22***
GFD	0.27***	−0.01ns	0.17**	0.13*
PH	0.26***	0.04ns	−0.17**	−0.09ns
PL	0.32***	0.13*	−0.13*	−0.03ns
CT	−0.11*	−0.07ns	0.006ns	−0.10ns
SPAD	0.14*	0.11ns	−0.05ns	0.03ns
NDVI	0.39***	−0.18**	0.02ns	0.03ns
KS	0.41***	0.21*	0.21***	0.28***
TKW	0.41***	0.26***	0.09ns	0.39***
Gm−2	0.31***	0.39***	0.33***	0.54***
BIO	0.42***	0.38***	0.47***	0.59***
HI	0.81***	0.74***	0.60***	0.52***
HTE	−0.25***		−0.54***

^{*, **, ***}significant at the 0.05, 0.01, 0.001 probability levels, respectively;

^ns, non-significant;

DH, days to heading; DM, days to maturity; GFD, grain filling duration; PH, plant height; PL, peduncle length, CT, canopy temperature; SPAD, chlorophyll content; NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; KS, kernel number per spike; TKW, thousand-kernel weight; Gm⁻², grain number per m²; BIO, biomass; HI, harvest index; HTE, heat tolerance efficiency.