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. 2018 Jan 25;13:505–523. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S152105

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© 2018 Song et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Assessment of the biocompatibility of the NP B/P scaffolds, P B/P scaffolds, NP B/P/P scaffolds, and P B/P/P scaffolds.

Notes: (A) Surface roughness measurements. (B) Compressive modulus calculations. Levels of growth factors released from single scaffolds into culture media over 21 days: VEGF (C), PDGF (D), TGF (E), and IGF (F). (G) Cellular toxicity of media in which scaffolds were soaked for 24 h toward BMSCs, as assessed using the CCK-8 assay. (H) Proportions of live and apoptotic BMSCs at 24 h after seeding on scaffolds, as assessed using the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. (I) Seeding efficiency of BMSCs on scaffolds, as assessed by cell counting. Results are mean ± standard deviation (χ ± SD), n=3; ^αP<0.05 vs NP B/P scaffolds; ^βP<0.05 vs P B/P scaffolds; ^γP<0.05 vs NP B/P/P scaffolds.

Abbreviations: BMSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; NP B/P, nonprinted biphasic calcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol; NP B/P/P, nonprinted biphasic calcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol/platelet-rich fibrin; P B/P, printed biphasic calcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol; P B/P/P, printed biphasic calcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol/platelet-rich fibrin; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; TGF, transforming growth factor.