Table 1.
Demographic and Baseline Characteristics
| Variable | AL Arm (n = 58) | CQ Arm (n = 65) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) [range], y | 30 (17–45) [7–79] | 31 (21–43) [4–75] |
| Age ≤12 y, No. (%) | 7 (12.1) | 5 (7.7) |
| Male sex, No. (%) | 49 (84.5) | 46 (70.8) |
| Body weight, median (IQR), kg | 55 (50–65) | 57 (47–70) |
| Fever (temperature ≥37.5°C) at admission, No. (%) | 22 (37.9) | 33 (50.8) |
| Duration of fever history, median (IQR) [range], d | 4 (3–5) [1–10] | 5 (4–7) [2–14] |
| Parasite count, geometric mean (95% CI) [range], parasites/μL | ||
| All patients | 1437 (864–2390) [57–44744] | 1485 (1006–2193) [89–32660] |
| Children (age ≤12 y) | 984 (212–4565) [183–9229] | 3443 (408–29044) [274–32320] |
| Synchronous infections, No. (%)a | ||
| Rings | 16 (27.6) | 18 (27.7) |
| Trophozoites | 42 (72.4) | 47 (72.3) |
| Gametocytes present. No. (%) | 15 (25.9) | 17 (26.2) |
| Hemoglobin median (IQR) [range], g/dL | 13.4 (11.9–14.7) [7.5–17.0] | 13.1 (11.9–14.2) [7.1–15.3] |
| Creatinine, median (IQR), mmol/L | 85 (55–97) | 86 (66–97) |
| Total dose administration | ||
| Target total dose, mg/kg | Artemether: 12; lumefantrine: 60 | 25 |
| Median (IQR) [range], mg/kg | Artemether: 8.7 (7.0–9.6) [4.9–13.3]; lumefantrine: 52.0 (41.0–57.6) [29.2–80.0] | 26.3 (22.0–31.0) [17.8–44.3] |
| Body weight ≤35 kg | ||
| No. (%) | 7 (12.1) | 7 (10.8) |
| Median (IQR) [range], mg/kg | Artemether: 11.7 (10.2–13.1) [9.8–13.3]; lumefantrine: 69.9 (61.1–78.5) [58.5–80.0] | 24.8 (24.1–38.8) [23.3–44.3] |
| Body weight >35 kg | ||
| No. (%) | 51 (87.9) | 58 (89.2) |
| Median (IQR) [range], mg/kg | Artemether: 8.0 (6.8–9.2) [4.9–13.3]; lumefantrine: 48.0 (40.9–55.3) [29.2–79.6] | 26.6 (21.8–31.0) [17.8–39.7] |
Abbreviations: AL, artemether-lumefantrine; CI, confidence interval; CQ, chloroquine; IQR, interquartile range.
aDefined as a single life-cycle stage comprising >70% of all asexual parasites