Table 1.

Summary of results. The table summarizes the results of saccade studies performed by our group. Note that especially for cerebellar ataxia, which includes different neurological disorders, the findings are not necessarily consistent across studies reported to date.

Parameter	Latency		Amplitude		Velocity	Duration	Impaired inhibitory control of saccades (frequency of saccades to cue)
Disorder	VGS	MGS	VGS	MGS
Focal lesion	Parietal and posterior IC↑	Frontal-anterior IC↑Parietal and posterior IC↑	Parietal and posterior IC↓	Parietal and posterior IC↓	N for amplitude	N for amplitude	↑ (Frontal, caudate and, parietal lesions)
PD (basal ganglia pattern)	N at early stages ↑ At later stages	↑	↓	↓	N for amplitude	N for amplitude	↑
Cerebellar ataxia (cerebellar pattern)	Slightly ↑	N	Variable ↓ On average	Variable → On average	Slightly ↓	↑ For cerebellarOutput lesions	↑
PSP (brainstem pattern)	↓ At earliest stages ↑ At later stages	↑	↓	↓	↓↓	↑	↑

PD: Parkinson’s disease, PSP: progressive supranuclear palsy, N: normal, Parietal and posterior IC: lesions of the parietal cortex and/or posterior limb of the internal capsule, Frontal-anterior IC: lesions of the frontal cortex and/or anterior limb of the internal capsule.