Immobilized NAPs bind HDV and HBV virions. Biotinylated NAPs (REP 2172, REP 2147, REP 2139, REP 2055, and REP 2031) were bound to streptavidin-Sepharose in a 400-μl volume column. After extensive washes of the column, HDV- or HBV-containing supernatants were loaded. The flowthrough was recovered and columns were washed 5 times with wash buffer. Bound particles were then eluted at 1 M NaCl. HDV RNA or HBV DNA was isolated from flowthrough (ft) and eluate (eluant) fractions and measured by Northern or Southern blot analysis, respectively. Four hundred-microliter heparin Sepharose columns (Heparin) were use as a control.