Figure 2.

Resting transmitral pressure-flow relationships obtained by multisensor left-heart catheter throughout diastolic filling in a supine patient evaluated for chest pain and found to have normal ventricular function. Mitral inflow acceleration is associated with a favorable atrioventricular pressure gradient and deceleration with an adverse gradient. Mitral inflow begins with a small component related to the unloading of the mitral valve apparatus as left ventricular pressure decreases during isovolumic relaxation. E and A, E- and A-waves of diastolic inflow; ECG, electrocardiogram; LA, left atrial pressure; LV, left ventricular pressure; MiF, mitral inflow velocity. Adapted, slightly modified, with permission of PMPH-USA from Pasipoularides.²