Table 2.

The longitudinal association of sleep problems with autistic traits and autism spectrum disorder

		Autistic traits* at 3 years			Autistic traits** at 6 years			ASD at 6 years
Sleep problems		B	95% CI	p	B‡	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
1.5 years
	Model 1	0.12	0.08–0.15	< 0.01	0.08	0.05–0.11	< 0.01	1.11	0. 87–1.42	0.41
	Model 2	0.03	− 0.01–0.06	0.13	0.03	− 0.02–0.06	0.07	1.05	0. 81–1.35	0.73
3 years
	Model 1	0.20	0. 17–0.23	< 0.01	0.07	0.04–0.10	< 0.05	1.11	0.86–1.43	0.43
	Model 2	–	–	–	0.01	− 0.03–0.04	0.70	0.95	0.72–1.24	0.70

Model 1 was adjusted for gender, ethnicity, gestational age, maternal education, and maternal psychopathology. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for prevalent autistic traits

Abbreviations: ASD autism spectrum disorder, SRS Social Responsiveness Scale

^‡Because of the narrow distribution of the SRS, Bs are given in hundredth SRS points

*Measured with PDP-scale CBCL

**Measured with SRS score