Table 3. HRs and 95% CI of mortality among individuals diagnosed with hematologic cancer according to TV viewing before and after diagnosis.
| Pre-diagnosis TV viewing | Post-diagnosis TV viewing | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 2 hrs/d | 3 to 4 hrs/d | ≥5 hrs/d | p-trend | 0 to 2 hrs/d | >2 to 4 hrs/d | >4 hrs/d | p-trend | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Person-years | 8127 | 10223 | 4426 | 3560 | 3439 | 2240 | ||
| Deaths | 774 | 1239 | 593 | 201 | 199 | 177 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.20 (1.10–1.32) | 1.30 (1.17–1.45) | <0.001 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | 1.41 (1.15–1.72) | 0.003 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.11 (1.01–1.21) | 1.14 (1.02–1.28) | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 1.20 (0.97–1.48) | 0.15 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.99–1.19) | 1.10 (0.99–1.24) | 0.06 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.77–1.14) | 1.19 (0.96–1.47) | 0.19 |
| Hematologic cancer mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 553 | 851 | 391 | 109 | 111 | 86 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.04–1.29) | 1.21 (1.07–1.38) | 0.002 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.80–1.36) | 1.29 (0.97–1.72) | 0.10 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.97–1.21) | 1.10 (0.96–1.25) | 0.14 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.76–1.30) | 1.13 (0.84–1.52) | 0.47 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 1.06 (0.93–1.22) | 0.32 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.76–1.29) | 1.12 (0.83–1.52) | 0.51 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors | ||||||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 337 | 524 | 247 | 100 | 96 | 76 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.27 (1.10–1.45) | 1.39 (1.18–1.64) | <0.001 | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.78–1.37) | 1.30 (0.96–1.75) | 0.12 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.02–1.36) | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 0.01 | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.78–1.38) | 1.17 (0.86–1.60) | 0.34 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.01–1.34) | 1.23 (1.03–1.46) | 0.01 | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.78–1.38) | 1.15 (0.84–1.58) | 0.41 |
| Myeloma survivors | ||||||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 173 | 244 | 119 | 41 | 36 | 33 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.74–1.10) | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.19 | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.55–1.36) | 1.08 (0.68–1.73) | 0.84 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.70–1.05) | 0.79 (0.61–1.02) | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.52–1.43) | 0.98 (0.57–1.67) | 0.89 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.69–1.04) | 0.76 (0.59–0.98) | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.51–1.42) | 0.92 (0.53–1.59) | 0.73 |
| Leukemia survivors | ||||||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 253 | 446 | 211 | 55 | 61 | 63 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) | 1.28 (1.07–1.54) | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.69–1.43) | 1.65 (1.15–2.37) | 0.01 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.996–1.37) | 1.19 (0.99–1.45) | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) | 1.46 (0.99–2.16) | 0.09 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.98–1.35) | 1.15 (0.95–1.40) | 0.11 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) | 1.50 (1.003–2.25) | 0.09 |
| Acute leukemia survivors* | ||||||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 135 | 224 | 111 | |||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.29 (1.04–1.61) | 1.51 (1.18–1.95) | 0.001 | - | - | - | |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.29 (1.03–1.60) | 1.46 (1.13–1.91) | 0.003 | - | - | - | |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.27 (1.01–1.58) | 1.39 (1.06–1.82) | 0.01 | - | - | - | |
| Chronic leukemia survivors | ||||||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Deaths | 104 | 190 | 82 | 42 | 49 | 54 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.91–1.48) | 1.08 (0.81–1.44) | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.65–1.48) | 1.71 (1.14–2.56) | 0.01 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.91–1.49) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) | 0.89 | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.54–1.29) | 1.57 (1.02–2.42) | 0.06 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.88–1.46) | 0.95 (0.69–1.29) | 0.88 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.55–1.32) | 1.69 (1.07–2.67) | 0.04 |
HR = hazard ratio, CI = confidence interval, TV = television, BMI = body mass index. Model 1: adjusted for age at exposure assessment (continuous), age at cancer diagnosis (continuous), and sex. Model 2: adjusted for all variables in Model 1 and additionally adjusted for education (less than 12 yrs, 12 yrs, vocational training or some college education, college graduate/postgraduate, unknown), race (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, other, unknown), smoking (never smoker, former smoker with 20 cigarettes per day or less, former smoker with more than 20 cigarettes per day, current smoker with 20 cigarettes per day or less, current smoker with more than 20 cigarettes per day, missing), alcohol consumption (0, >0 to 14.9, ≥15g/d), chemotherapy (yes, no, unknown/missing), hematologic cancer subtype (NHL, HL, myeloma, leukemia) and stage in NHL survivors (localized/regional/in situ, systemic disease, unknown/not abstracted/missing), and physical activity. Model 3: adjusted for all variables in Model 2 and additionally adjusted for body mass index (18.5-<25.0kg/m2, 25.0-<30.0 kg/m2, 30.0-<35.kg/m2, 35-<65 kg/m2). Data were not evaluated for post-diagnosis physical activity due to low sample size (n = 23).
*Data were not evaluated for post-diagnosis TV viewing due to low sample size (n = 21)