Fig. 7.

Expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collagens, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) in the urethra after single (VD-1) and multiple simulated birth traumas (VD-3). All target mRNA expression levels were normalized to that of a housekeeping gene (GAPDH) RNA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with the sham group (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test). ###P < 0.001, compared with the VD-1 group (unpaired t-test). NS, not significant (unpaired t-test).