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. 2017 Aug 4;313(5):H1031–H1043. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00249.2017

Fig. 13.

Fig. 13.

Quantification of early (EADs) and delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) after isoprenaline (ISO) challenges. A: ovariectomized (OVx) myocytes had a higher mean frequency of EADs per 10 beats compared with sham-operated (Sham) and OVx + 17β-estradiol replaced (OVx + E) myocytes after 50 nM ISO challenges at 2-Hz stimulation. Sham: 2.8 ± 2.4, OVx; 4.7 ± 2.5, and OVx + E: 3.4 ± 2.5; Sham: n = 39/5, OVx: n = 30/4, and OVx + E: 30/5. P < 0.05. B and C: percentages of cells with DADs in the Sham, OVx, and OVx + E groups after treatment with 50 nM ISO during 0.5-Hz stimulation (B; Sham: n = 37/5, OVx: n = 45/4, and OVx + E: 33/5; *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001) and during 1.0-Hz stimulation (C; Sham: n = 42/5, OVx: n = 40/4, and OVx + E: 32/5; *P < 0.05). D and E: percentages of cells in each group that exhibit DAD-induced extrasystoles during 0.5-Hz stimulation (D) and 1.0-Hz stimulation (E). *P < 0.05.