Table 4.
Pearson correlation coefficients for the relationship between climate variables and anatomy, hydraulic, cold hardiness, and performance variables. Statistically significant correlations at p < .05 are highlighted in bold
| Height | Survival | Cold30 | Cold50 | A L:A X | K L | K S | P50 | Density | T Diam | T Length | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latitude | −0.68 | −0.76 | −0.85 | −0.92 | −0.17 | 0.35 | −0.03 | −0.44 | 0.49 | 0.42 | 0.19 |
| MAT | 0.78 | −0.67 | 0.91 | 0.87 | 0.31 | −0.47 | 0.09 | 0.54 | −0.41 | −0.41 | −0.02 |
| MWMT | 0.69 | −0.20 | 0.77 | 0.37 | 0.70 | −0.74 | 0.30 | 0.68 | 0.11 | −0.13 | 0.51 |
| MCMT | 0.46 | −0.81 | 0.69 | 0.90 | −0.13 | −0.07 | −0.13 | 0.19 | −0.65 | −0.34 | −0.33 |
| TD | −0.14 | 0.70 | −0.33 | −0.71 | 0.43 | −0.25 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.68 | 0.27 | 0.54 |
| MAP | 0.47 | −0.85 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 0.12 | −0.23 | 0.07 | 0.30 | −0.56 | −0.24 | −0.11 |
| MSP | 0.58 | −0.65 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.22 | −0.24 | 0.21 | 0.31 | −0.49 | −0.36 | −0.15 |
| AHM | 0.54 | 0.53 | −0.06 | −0.20 | 0.33 | −0.44 | 0.01 | 0.45 | 0.43 | −0.38 | 0.05 |
| SHM | −0.24 | 0.61 | −0.36 | −0.62 | 0.21 | −0.18 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.66 | 0.32 | 0.42 |
| DD < 0 | −0.65 | 0.74 | −0.76 | −0.91 | −0.04 | 0.24 | 0.06 | −0.35 | 0.55 | 0.43 | 0.26 |
| DD > 5 | 0.76 | −0.34 | 0.88 | 0.53 | 0.67 | −0.71 | 0.31 | 0.70 | −0.04 | −0.25 | 0.40 |
| bFFP | −0.74 | 0.01 | −0.61 | −0.22 | −0.67 | 0.73 | −0.22 | −0.61 | −0.22 | 0.07 | −0.59 |
| eFFP | 0.81 | −0.49 | 0.89 | 0.71 | 0.51 | −0.67 | 0.16 | 0.66 | −0.13 | −0.35 | 0.17 |
| FFP | 0.82 | −0.27 | 0.80 | 0.50 | 0.62 | −0.74 | 0.20 | 0.67 | 0.05 | −0.23 | 0.40 |
Cold30 and Cold50 = frost damage at −30 and −50°C, respectively, A L:A X = leaf area to xylem area, K L = leaf‐specific conductivity, K S = xylem‐specific conductivity, P50 = vulnerability to cavitation expressed as the pressure at which 50% of the maximum conductivity is lost, Density = wood density, T Diam = tracheid diameter, T Length = tracheid length. MAT= mean annual temperature, MWMT = mean warmest month temperature, MCMT = mean coldest month temperature, TD = continentality or temperature difference between MWMT and MCMT, MAP = mean annual precipitation, MSP = May‐to‐September precipitation, AHM = annual heat–moisture index (MAT + 10)/(MAP/1000), SHM = summer heat–moisture index MWMT/(MSP/1000), DD<0 = degree‐days below 0°C, DD>5 = degree‐days above 5°C, bFFP = the day of the year on which FFP begins, eFFP = the day of the year on which FFP ends, FFP = frost‐free period.