Figure 4.

Effect of the vehicle composition and physicochemical properties of the drug on the permeation characteristics. (a) Confocal micrographs of mice skin cross sections corresponding to rhodamine-loaded ethanolic control solution, cream, hydrogel, and ointment. Bar = 200 µm. Original magnification 100×; (b) Numerical data corresponding to the intensity histogram for each sample. Mean: arithmetical mean value; mean energy: average image energy; RMS: root mean square value; skewness: skewness of the distribution; (c) Ex vivo permeability percentages of MGDG formulations in 24 h (ethanolic control solution, cream, and ointment).