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Scheme for the redox state of serum albumin. The free cysteine residue at position 34 (Cys34) of mercaptalbumin forms a disulfide bond with low molecular weight thiols such as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (HCY), and glutathione (GSH). Alternatively, Cys34 of mercaptalbumin is oxidized to sulfinic acid or sulfonic acid. These oxidized forms of serum albumin are designated as non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2, respectively.
