Table 4.

Antibacterial screening of P. jacquemontiana extract against gram positive and gram negative bacteria

	Extract/Fractions (1000 μg/disc)
Isolate (s)	PJM	PJH	PJC	PJE	PJB	PJA
Staphylococcus aureus
MDR (6301)	24.16 ± 1.25	27.66 ± 0.28	25.16 ± 1.04	28 ± 1.32	24.16 ± 1.04	–
MDR (3884)	31.16 ± 2.02	29 ± 1.0	24.83 ± 0.28	26.5 ± 0.5	28.66 ± 0.28	–
MRSA (12861)	22.5 ± 1.32	23.16 ± 1.25	25 ± 0.5	26 ± 1.0	25.33 ± 1.04	–
MDR (9861)	25.16 ± 0.04	22.5 ± 0.5	26.33 ± 1.25	26.5 ± 0.86	28.83 ± 0.76	–
(5764)	29 ± 1.0	26 ± 1.0	27.33 ± 0.57	27 ± 1,0	23.5 ± 0.5	–
(31414)	26 ± 1.0	32 ± 0.86	30.33 ± 1.44	22.5 ± 0.5	25 ± 1.0	–
Staphylococcus lugdenesis
MDR (6197)	35.5 ± 1.32	28.5 ± 0.5	24.83 ± 1.04	26.5 ± 0.5	26.83 ± 0.28	–
(4338)	24 ± 1.0	18 ± 1.0	-	25.66 ± .57	20.5 ± 0.86	–
Escherichia coli
MDR (52331)	27.83 ± 0.76	28.83 ± 0.28	24.83 ± 1.25	24.33 ± 0.57	31.16 ± 0.76	–
(22244)	28 ± 0.5	13.16 ± 0.28	14 ± 1.0	27.83 ± 0.76	23.5 ± 0.86	–
“a”	23.5 ± 0.5	-	-	24.16 ± 0.76	18.33 ± 1.04	–
“b”	24.5 ± 0.5	-	-	25.66 ± 0.28	19 ± 1.0	–
Klebsiella pneumoniae
MDR (82431)	30 ± 1.0	26 ± 2.0	26.66 ± 0.28	25.16 ± 0.28	33.33 ± 0.57	–
ESBL MDR (87005)	35.33 ± 0.57	34 ± 1.0	29.5 ± 0.5	26 ± 1.0	28.16 ± 0.76	–
(34529)	27.83 ± 0.28	17.16 ± 1.04	18 ± 1.0	21.83 ± 1.04	20 ± 1.0	–
(35967)	22.16 ± 0.76	-	-	20.83 ± 1.04	19 ± 0.86	–
“a”	26 ± 2.0	-	-	23.83 ± 0.57	19 ± 0.5	–
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(27853)	25.16 ± 0.76	21.5 ± 0.5	14 ± 2.0	19.66 ± 1.52	18.33 ± 0.57	–
Coagulase negative staphylococci
(12731)	28 ± 2.0	27.33 ± 0.57	22 ± 1.0	25.16 ± 1.04	26.16 ± 0.76	–

Zone of inhibition (mm) are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). 8-13 mm: low inhibition; 14-19 mm: moderate inhibition; ≥ 20 mm: high inhibition. -: no zone of inhibition; NT not tested, PJM methanol extract of P. jacquemontiana leaves, PJH: n-hexane fraction of PJM, PJC chloroform fraction of PJM, PJE ethyl acetate fraction of PJM, PJB n-butanol fraction of PJM, PJA residual aqueous fraction of PJM