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Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. When stimulated with TGF-β, endothelial cells undergo EndMT. They lose their cobble-stone morphology (upper panels, bright field), reduce the expression of endothelial cell markers such as platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1), and start to express mesenchymal markers such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Cortical actin (in red) is reorganized into stress fibers. The nucleus is stained with DAPI in blue.
