Figure 6.

Oxidative stress markers within the mPFC of males and females at P10. In general, oxidative stress markers were numerically increased in HFD groups within the mPFC, but only in males were there actual indications, as seen in IL-15 and in the nonsignificant trends in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and VEGF. There were no significant exposure effects in either sex, but there were, in males only, significant exposure-by-diet interactions in TNFα, MCP-1, IL-15, and VEGF that indicated a perinatal HFD had a significant effect on increasing TNFα (P = 0.012), MCP-1 (P = 0.029), IL-15 (P < 0.001), and VEGF (P = 0.017) only within the relatively high phthalate–exposed males. Trt, treatment.