Figure 2.

Various doses of scopolamine-induced behavioral changes in mice. To measure general locomotor activity, we used the open field test (OFT). Animals were placed in a novel environment during a 5-minute session. (A) Line crossings and (B) rearing measurement of total distance traveled in time segments of 5 minutes. (C) Novel object recognition test (NORT). 24 hours after acquisition trial, the recognition index was measured while the animals were allowed to explore the familiar and novel objects for 5 minutes. (D) The increase in time spent immobile during the forced swimming test (FST) was also defined as depression-like behavior. Data are expressed as the mean±SEM (n=9/group); comparisons were made using the 1-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls posthoc test. Significantly different from vehicle-treated group (saline plus saline). **P<.01 for the drug-treatment group vs the control group.