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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2014 Feb;103:67–75. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.10.005

Table 2.

Higher amounts of smoking among rejection-sensitive individuals and individuals living in high structural stigma states.

Model 1 Model 2


B 95% CI B 95% CI
Past structural stigma
(High School) State-Level Covariates
 Median Income −1.07 (−2.65, 0.51) −1.12 (−2.73, 0.50)
 Population density 0.35 (−0.87, 1.57) 0.34 (−0.81, 1.48)
 Past Structural Stigma 0.37 (−1.17, 1.91) 0.3 (−1.40, 2.00)
Individual-Level Covariates
 Age −0.68 (−2.11, 0.75) −0.67 (−2.11, 0.78)
 Race (ref = non-white) −2.67* (−5.21, −0.13) −2.81* (−5.46, −0.15)
 Parental Income (ref = <$50,000) 3.35** (0.82, 5.87) 3.37** (0.83, 5.91)
 Rejection Sensitivity 1.88** (0.65, 3.10) 1.85** (0.57, 3.14)
Rejection Sensitivity × Past Structural Stigma 0.22 (−0.94, 1.38)
Current structural stigma
(Current) State-Level Covariates
 Median Income 0.63 (−0.27, 1.53) 0.78 (−0.16, 1.72)
 Population density 0.73* (0.12, 1.34) 0.91** (0.40, 1.42)
 Current Structural Stigma 2.83** (1.27, 4.38) 2.84** (0.99, 4.70)
Individual-Level Covariates
 Age −0.34 (−1.38, 0.71) −0.26 (−1.30, 0.78)
 Race (ref = non-white) −2.31a (−4.78, 0.17) −2.39a (−4.83, 0.05)
 Parental Income (ref = < $50,000) 3.27* (0.74, 5.79) 3.13* (0.41, 5.85)
 Rejection Sensitivity 1.59** (0.48, 2.70) 1.18** (0.35, 2.27)
Rejection Sensitivity × Current Structural Stigma 0.90a (−0.16, 1.95)
*

p ≤ 0.05,

**

p ≤ 0.01,

a

p < 0.10.

Note. Due to issues related to the interpretability of odds ratios in multi-level models of bivariate outcomes, only unstandardized regression coefficients are presented here.