A) Primary midbrain cultures were untreated (‘control’) or transduced with A53T α-syn lentivirus in the absence or presence of NOR. The cells were stained with antibodies specific for MAP2 and TH and scored for dopaminergic cell viability (%MAP2+/TH+). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. **p<0.01, ***p<0.005 versus A53T, square root transformation, repeated-measures, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc test. B) Transgenic Drosophila less than 12 hours after hatching were transferred to vials with food hydrated with either water or an aqueous solution of NOR at the indicated concentrations. After 7 days, retinas were assessed by the pseudopupil assay. Data are presented as mean +/− SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01.