Table 3.
Analysis of variance of metabolic equivalents of task effects on clinical characteristics of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
| Variable | Adjusted for age and sex | |
|---|---|---|
| MET effect on variable (95% CI) | P‐value | |
| CPET | ||
| Peak oxygen uptake (mL/min) | 0.002 (–0.002 to 0.01) | 0.37 |
| Maximum level of watts (W) | 0.03 (0.003 to 0.05) | 0.03 |
| Maximum exercise duration (s) | 0.18 (0.04 to 0.31) | 0.009 |
| Anaerobic threshold (W) | 0.04 (0.01 to 0.06) | 0.003 |
| Oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold (mL/min) | 0.004 (0 to 0.01) | 0.03 |
| VE/VCO2 slope | –0.01 (–0.01 to –0.001) | 0.02 |
| Respiratory minute volume (VE) (L) | ||
| At rest | –0.001 (–0.004 to 0.001) | 0.27 |
| Maximum | –0.01 (–0.02 to 0.01) | 0.26 |
| Difference | –0.01 (–0.02 to 0.01) | 0.35 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| At rest | 0.01 (–0.01 to 0.03) | 0.48 |
| Maximum | 0.01 (–0.02 to 0.04) | 0.36 |
| Difference | 0.01 (–0.02 to 0.04) | 0.62 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| At rest | 0.01 (–0.004 to 0.02) | 0.20 |
| Maximum | –0.002 (–0.02 to 0.02) | 0.84 |
| Difference | –0.01 (–0.03 to 0.01) | 0.30 |
| Heart rate (1/min) | ||
| At rest | 0.001 (–0.01 to 0.02) | 0.91 |
| Maximum | 0.01 (–0.02 to 0.03) | 0.59 |
| Difference | 0.01 (–0.01 to 0.02) | 0.58 |
| 6 min walking test | ||
| Distance (m) | 0.14 (0.05 to 0.22) | 0.002 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| At rest | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.05) | 0.004 |
| Maximum | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.07) | <0.001 |
| Difference | 0.01 (–0.003 to 0.03) | 0.11 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| At rest | 0.01 (–0.002 to 0.02) | 0.10 |
| Maximum | 0.01 (–0.004 to 0.02) | 0.19 |
| Difference | –0.001 (–0.01 to 0.01) | 0.84 |
| Heart rate (1/min) | ||
| At rest | –0.01 (–0.02 to 0.004) | 0.19 |
| Maximum | –0.002 (–0.02 to 0.01) | 0.83 |
| Difference | 0.01 (–0.004 to 0.02) | 0.20 |
| SF‐36 scale | ||
| Physical function | 0.02 (–0.0003 to 0.05) | 0.05 |
| Laboratory measurements | ||
| Log NT‐proBNP (pg/mL)a | 6.00 * 10−5 (–39.5 * 10−5 to 0.001) | 0.80 |
| Echocardiography | ||
| E/e′ ratio | 0.001 (–0.004 to 0.01) | 0.76 |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 0.004 (–0.01 to 0.01) | 0.36 |
CI, confidence interval; CPET, cardiopulmonary exercise testing; MET, metabolic equivalents of task; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal proBNP; SF‐36, 36‐item Short‐Form questionnaire; VE/VCO2 slope, ratio of minute ventilation (VE) to carbon dioxide production (VCO2).
a
NT‐proBNP shows right‐skewed distribution in patients with HF and is therefore shown as log NT‐proBNP.