Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017 Aug 30;55(2):318–333.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.08.020

Table 3.

Pairwise Agreement Among the Patient Groups Using Latent Class Analysis and K-modes Analysis

Pairwise agreement among the patient groups All Lowb Moderate Physical & Lower Psychological Moderate Physical & Higher Psychological All High Total n (%)
nc (%d) nc (%d) nc (%d) nc (%d)
All Lowa 406 (30.6) 4 (0.3) 9 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 419 (31.5)
Moderate Physical & Lower Psychological 92 (6.9) 171 (12.9) 23 (1.7) 30 (2.3) 316 (23.8)
Moderate Physical & Higher Psychological 38 (2.9) 30 (2.3) 247 (18.6) 101 (7.6) 416 (31.3)
All High 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.1) 177 (13.3) 178 (13.4)
Total 536 (40.3) 205 (15.4) 280 (21.1) 308 (23.2) 1,329 (100.0)
Cohen’s kappa coefficient
 Agreement Expected Agreement Kappa Standard Error Z p-value
 75.32% 26.08% 0.666 0.016 42.64 <0.001
a

For LCA – All Low (n=419, 31.5%), Moderate Physical and Lower Psychological (n=316, 23.8%), Moderate Physical and Higher Psychological (n=416, 31.3%), and All High (n=178, 13.4%).

b

For K-modes analysis – All Low (n=536, 40.3%), Moderate Physical and Lower Psychological (n=205, 15.4%), Moderate Physical and Higher Psychological (n=280, 21.1%), and All High (n=308, 23.2%).

c

Number of the patients who were included in both classes

d

Percentage of patients from the total sample of 1329 patients