Fig. 2.
Modulators of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. There are multiple activators (→) and inhibitors (˧) of the HPA axis
GR = glucocorticoid receptor; PFC = prefrontal cortex; GABA = γ-aminobutyric acid; GLP-1 = glucagon-like peptide 1; NE = norepinephrine; 5-HT = 5-hydroxytryptamine