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. 2018 Feb 1;8:2105. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20512-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Relative mRNA expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF, A), M2-muscarinic receptor (M2, B) and M3-muscarinic receptor (M3, C) in the bladder of control, STZ-induced diabetic rats (DM) and diabetic rats + hAFSCs transplantation (DM + hAFSCs). Expressions of M2 and M3 mRNAs are increased, and expression of NGF mRNA is decreased in the diabetic rats at week 4 and 12 as compared to controls. After hAFSCs transplantation, expressions of NGF, M2 and M3 recover to near the control levels. Bar indicates 20 μm. *P < 0.05 vs. control group. N = 10 in each time point.