Table 1.

Differential abundance of identified bacterial genera in fenitrothion resistant and susceptible An. albimanus. The table shows the relative abundance (%) of bacterial genera identified in each sample, and the difference in relative abundance of each genera with 95% confidence intervals, calculated using two-sided Fisher’s exact test with Benjamini Hochberg’s false discovery rate p-value corrections. The level of significance was set to p < 0.05. Bacterial genera unique to either sample are presented in bold typeface. The relative abundance of 21 of these bacterial genera was significantly higher in FEN_Res compared to FEN_Sus, with the proportion of Klebsiella showing the greatest enrichment (Diff 25.1%, p < 0.0001). Conversely, the proportion of Enterobacter was the most reduced in FEN_Res compared to FEN_Sus (Diff −21.5% p < 0.0001).

S/N	Bacterial genera	FEN_Res Rel. abundance (%)	FEN_Sus Rel. abundance (%)	Diff. Rel abundance (%)	95% lower CI	95% upper CI	p-values	Corrected p-values
1	Klebsiella †,‡	77.571	52.424	25.148	25.129	25.167	<1E-301	<1E-301
2	Bacillus †	0.456	—	0.456	0.454	0.458	<1E-301	<1E-301
3	Escherichia †,‡	2.239	1.846	0.393	0.387	0.398	<1E-301	<1E-301
4	Pantoea †,‡	0.196	0.100	0.096	0.094	0.097	<1E-301	<1E-301
5	Raoultella †	0.103	0.076	0.028	0.026	0.029	<1E-301	<1E-301
6	Salmonella †	0.738	0.718	0.020	0.016	0.023	1.70E-28	3.82E-28
7	Rahnella †	0.065	0.046	0.018	0.018	0.019	1.54E-301	6.04E-301
8	Pluralibacter ♦	0.044	0.032	0.012	0.011	0.012	3.40E-173	1.23E-172
9	Halomonas ±,c	0.011	—	0.011	0.011	0.012	<1E-301	<1E-301
10	Edwardsiella †	0.035	0.024	0.011	0.010	0.012	7.82E-208	2.94E-207
11	Pseudomonas †,‡	0.037	0.028	0.009	0.008	0.010	1.37E-124	4.44E-124
12	Providencia †	0.027	0.022	0.006	0.005	0.006	3.26E-69	9.28E-69
13	Erwinia †,‡†,‡	0.031	0.026	0.005	0.005	0.006	3.80E-51	9.65E-51
14	Haemophilus †	0.017	0.012	0.005	0.005	0.006	2.40E-94	7.53E-94
15	Photorhabdus †	0.023	0.018	0.005	0.004	0.006	3.75E-60	9.78E-60
16	Photobacterium ♦	0.016	0.012	0.003	0.003	0.004	6.02E-43	1.49E-42
17	Shigella †,‡	0.097	0.094	0.003	0.002	0.004	1.10E-06	1.85E-06
18	Staphylococcus †	0.015	0.012	0.003	0.003	0.004	2.53E-36	5.94E-36
19	Kosakonia ♦	0.049	0.046	0.003	0.002	0.004	5.99E-10	1.10E-09
20	*CBNPD1 BAC clone 578♦	0.016	0.013	0.003	0.002	0.003	3.61E-24	7.72E-24
21	Vibrio †	0.017	0.016	0.001	0.000	0.001	0.02556166	0.039390101
22	Morganella †	0.015	0.015	−0.001	−0.001	0.000	0.02829376	0.042896987
23	Pectobacterium ♦	0.021	0.022	−0.001	−0.002	−0.001	1.01E-05	1.66E-05
24	Xenorhabdus †	0.017	0.019	−0.002	−0.002	−0.001	2.97E-10	5.58E-10
25	Yokenella ±a	0.026	0.028	−0.002	−0.002	−0.001	2.62E-07	4.56E-07
26	Yersinia †,‡	0.014	0.016	−0.002	−0.003	−0.002	7.66E-18	1.56E-17
27	Cedecea †	0.012	0.014	−0.002	−0.003	−0.002	3.05E-25	6.66E-25
28	Cronobacter †	0.052	0.055	−0.003	−0.004	−0.002	1.03E-10	2.02E-10
29	Kluyvera †	0.036	0.039	−0.003	−0.004	−0.002	1.47E-15	2.95E-15
30	Stenotrophomonas †	—	0.016	−0.016	−0.016	−0.015	<1E-301	<1E-301
31	Bradyrhizobium †	0.027	0.044	−0.017	−0.017	−0.016	<1E-301	<1E-301
32	Microbacterium †	—	0.017	−0.017	−0.017	−0.016	<1E-301	<1E-301
33	Leclercia ♦	0.013	0.042	−0.029	−0.030	−0.028	<1E-301	<1E-301
34	Lelliottia ♦	—	0.039	−0.039	−0.040	−0.038	<1E-301	<1E-301
35	Citrobacter †,‡	0.227	0.276	−0.049	−0.051	−0.047	<1E-301	<1E-301
36	Serratia †,‡	0.052	0.115	−0.063	−0.064	−0.061	<1E-301	<1E-301
37	Acinetobacter †,‡	7.742	11.913	−4.172	−4.184	−4.159	<1E-301	<1E-301
38	Enterobacter †,‡	5.563	27.091	−21.528	−21.543	−21.513	<1E-301	<1E-301
39	Unclassified Bacteria	4.381509301	4.674589901	−0.2930806

^†Previously identified in Anopheles.

^‡Previously identified in Latin American Anopheles.

*Uncultured β-proteobacteria.

^±Reported in Anopheles for the first time in this study.

^aOnly reported in Aedes previously.

^cOnly reported in Culex previously.

^♦Reported in mosquitoes for the first time in this study.