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. 2018 Feb 1;8:2072. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20370-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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JP4-039 suppresses TBI-induced intestinal differentiation defects. JP4-039 (JP4, 20 mg/kg in F14 emulsion) or vehicle (Ctrl) was given to mice once 24 hr (Day 1) after 9.25 Gy TBI. Intestinal tissues were analyzed at indicated times after TBI. (A) Representative immunofluorescence staining of Mucin2 in the villi. Red, Mucin2; Blue, DAPI. Scale bar = 100 µm. (B) Quantification of Mucin2+ cells in villi and (C) in the crypts from A. (D) Representative immunofluorescence staining of Chromogranin A+ (CgA) cells in the villi. Red, CgA; Blue, DAPI. Scale bar = 100 µm. (E) Quantification of CgA+ cells in the villi and (F) in the crypts from D. (G) Mucosal mRNA expression of Mucin2 and (H) Sucrase lsomaltase. cDNA was synthesized from RNA pooled from 3 mice per group. Expression was normalized to that at Day 0, prior to TBI. (B,C,E,F,G and H) values are Mean ± SEM; n = 3 mice in each group. ⁺⁺⁺P < 0.001, ⁺⁺P < 0.01, ⁺P < 0.05, 1-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, vehicle vs. JP4, unpaired 2-tailed Student’s t test.