Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of PEARL subpopulations.
| Discovery population (n = 91) | Validation population (n = 131) | p | Meta-analysis (n = 222) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female gender (%) | 64 (70) | 108 (82) | 0.08 | 172 (77) |
| Age | 54 [44–66] | 54 [44–67] | 0.88 | 54 [44–66] |
| Diagnosis RA/UA (%) | 69 (76)/22 (24) | 92 (70)/39 (30) | 0.45 | 161 (73)/61 (27) |
| Positive RF (%) | 38 (42) | 73 (56) | 0.04 | 111 (50) |
| Positive ACPA (%) | 42 (46) | 70 (53) | 0.32 | 112 (50) |
| Ever smoker (%) | 47 (52) | 68 (52) | 0.89 | 115 (48) |
| DAS28 (0–10) | 4.8 [3.5–5.9] | 4.1 [3.4–5.5] | 0.16 | 4.5 [3.4–5.7] |
| HUPI | 7.5 [6–10] | 6.5 [4.5–10] | 0.09 | 7 [5–10] |
| HAQ | 1 [0.625–1.625] | 0.875 [0.375–1.625] | 0.29 | 1 [0.5–1.625] |
| VIP (pg/ml) | 456 [383–501] | 529 [460–595] | 0.63 | 453 [384–519] |
Data are shown as the median and the interquartile range or as the percentage. RA: rheumatoid arthritis; UA: undifferentiated arthritis; RF: rheumatoid factor; ACPA: anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies; DAS28: 28-joint count Disease Activity Score; HUPI: Hospital Universitario La Princesa Index for disease activity; HAQ: health assessment questionnaire; VIP: vasoactive intestinal peptide. Statistical significance was established by t test or Mann-Whitney test for a p-value < 0.05.